Why PDFs become so large
Most oversized PDFs come from scanning apps and phone cameras: every page is stored as a big, high-resolution photo. Reports full of pictures and slides exported to PDF are heavy for the same reason. A 20-page phone scan can easily be 30 MB — too big for email, chat apps and most upload portals.
What happens when you compress
Each page is drawn and saved again as a compressed picture, which removes most of the hidden weight. Choose Recommended for good quality, Strong for a smaller file, or Extreme for the smallest file. Or type an exact target size in KB, and the tool finds the best quality that fits. Ticking “Black & white” makes text documents much smaller and often sharper. The new size is shown before you download.
What you should know before compressing
Because pages become pictures, the text in the compressed PDF can no longer be selected, searched or copied, and links and form fields are removed. PDFs that are already small or contain only plain text may not shrink — in that case your original file is returned rather than a worse copy.
Common problems and how to fix them
Text became too blurry: use Recommended instead of Extreme, or tick Black & white, which keeps letters crisp at small sizes. The file still does not meet a portal limit: use the matching tool — Compress PDF to 100KB, 200KB, 500KB or 1MB — or split the PDF into parts. You need searchable text after compressing: run OCR PDF on the compressed file.
Good habits
Always keep your original PDF, zoom into the compressed copy to check small print and signatures, and remove unneeded pages with Delete PDF Pages before compressing — fewer pages means better quality at the same size.